Hassane LGAZ, PhD, MRSC

Associate Professor of Chemistry | Hanyang University ERICA, South Korea

Curriculum vitae

Center for Creative Convergence Education; Innovative Durable Building and Infrastructure Research Center

Hanyang University

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) remediation: State-of-the-art mechanistic insights, innovative technologies, and sustainable management approaches

Journal article

Lgaz H., Lee H.-S., Boukhlifi F., M. Messali
Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 382, 2026

DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135905

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Cite

APA Click to copy
Lgaz, H., Lee, H.-S., Boukhlifi, F., & Messali, M. (2026). Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) remediation: State-of-the-art mechanistic insights, innovative technologies, and sustainable management approaches. Separation and Purification Technology, 382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135905

Chicago/Turabian Click to copy
Lgaz, H., H.-S. Lee, F. Boukhlifi, and M. Messali. “Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) Remediation: State-of-the-Art Mechanistic Insights, Innovative Technologies, and Sustainable Management Approaches.” Separation and Purification Technology 382 (2026).

MLA Click to copy
Lgaz, H., et al. “Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) Remediation: State-of-the-Art Mechanistic Insights, Innovative Technologies, and Sustainable Management Approaches.” Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 382, 2026, doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135905.

BibTeX Click to copy

@article{lgaz2026a,
  title = {Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) remediation: State-of-the-art mechanistic insights, innovative technologies, and sustainable management approaches},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {Separation and Purification Technology},
  volume = {382},
  doi = {10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135905},
  author = {Lgaz, H. and Lee, H.-S. and Boukhlifi, F. and Messali, M.}
}

This is the author’s accepted manuscript of an article published in Separation and Purification Technology. The final published version is available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135905

ABSTRACT: Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is the most widely used brominated flame retardant and a persistent endocrine-active contaminant, motivating credible, scalable remediation. In this review, we synthesize the mechanisms, performance, and sustainability of the principal treatment strategies—adsorption, advanced oxidation, membrane processes, biological systems, and reductive catalysis—with emphasis on intermediate fate and residual risk. Adsorption concentrates TBBPA efficiently but requires secure regeneration or disposal; membranes provide separation rather than destruction and benefit from catalytic or biological polishing. Oxidative routes achieve rapid parent removal yet often under-mineralize and can generate brominated by-products, whereas reductive debromination reliably transforms TBBPA but frequently plateau at bisphenol A. Evidence across matrices indicates that hybrid trains—particularly sequential anoxic-to-oxic bioprocessing, optionally coupled with sorptive capture and electro-/membrane polishing—most consistently minimize toxicity while approaching full mineralization. Cross-cutting benchmarks integrate removal and kinetics with matrix tolerance, stability, energy and reagent demand, and life-cycle considerations to situate technologies on practicality and risk. We outline design rules for catalysts and microbes that suppress toxic intermediates and sustain activity in complex waters, and identify priorities for scale-up and standardized toxicity endpoints to accelerate deployment.

KEYWORDS: Adsorption; Advanced Oxidation Processes; Debromination; Environmental Toxicity; Sustainable Remediation; Tetrabromobisphenol A
Benchmarking; Biological membranes; Environmental management; Environmental technology; Flame retardants; Life cycle; Reaction intermediates; Remediation; Sustainable development; Toxicity; Advanced Oxidation Processes; Debromination; Environmental toxicity; Innovative technology; matrix; Mechanistics; State of the art; Sustainable remediation; Technology managements; Tetrabromobisphenol-A; Adsorption